Hais txog Ultrasound

Keeb kwm kev loj hlob

International nam

Piv nrog rau txoj kev kho qhov muag xws li infrared thiab ultraviolet, ultrasound pib lig, nrog keeb kwm tsawg dua 100 xyoo. Los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th mus txog rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, tom qab cov nyhuv piezoelectric thiab inverse piezoelectric effect tau pom nyob rau hauv physics, tib neeg daws tau txoj kev siv hluav taws xob technology los tsim ultrasonic nthwv dej, uas sai sai qhib ib tug keeb kwm tshooj nyob rau hauv lub physics. kev loj hlob thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm ultrasonic technology.

Nyob rau hauv 1922, lub ntsiab lus ntawm ultrasound tau thov thawj zaug, thiab ultrasound los ua ib lub tswv yim tshiab. Tus thawj invention patent rau ultrasound kho tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees;

Xyoo 1939, cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev kho mob ntawm kev kho mob ultrasound tau luam tawm.

Thaum xyoo 1940s, ultrasound kho tau tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas. Nws tsis yog txog thaum thawj lub rooj sib tham thoob ntiaj teb kev kho mob ultrasound kev kawm nyob rau xyoo 1949 uas muaj kev sib pauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kho mob ultrasound, uas tau tsim lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho kev kho mob ultrasound. Xyoo 1956, ntau cov ntaub ntawv tau luam tawm ntawm Lub Rooj Sib Tham Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob ntawm Cov Tshuaj Ultrasound, thiab kev kho mob ultrasound nkag mus rau theem ntawm kev ua kom tiav.

Sab hauv

Hauv Suav teb, thaj chaw kho mob ultrasound pib me ntsis tom qab. Thaum ntxov xyoo 1950, tsuas yog ob peb lub tsev kho mob tau ua ultrasound kho. Xyoo 1950, 430 μm wavelength ultrasound therapy tshuab yog thawj zaug siv hauv Beijing los kho ntau yam kab mob, thiab nws tau maj mam nce hauv xyoo 1950. Thiab muaj cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Tshaj tawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm hauv cov ntaub ntawv pib xyoo 1957. Nyob rau xyoo 1970, muaj ntau hom kev kho ultrasonic hauv tsev, thiab kev kho ultrasonic tau nrov hauv cov tsev kho mob loj thoob plaws lub tebchaws.

Tau ntau tshaj 40 xyoo, cov tsev kho mob loj thoob plaws lub tebchaws tau sau cov ntaub ntawv ntau thiab muaj kev paub zoo heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1980s, ultrasonic extracorporeal mechanical yoj lithotripsy thiab ultrasonic phais yog loj breakthroughs nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm pob zeb kho mob. Tam sim no nws tau raug txhawb nqa thiab siv thoob ntiaj teb. High-siv tsom ultrasound rau kev phais uas tsis yog-invasive tau ua ultrasound kev kho mob yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm niaj hnub kho mob technology. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st, ultrasound-focused phais (HIFU) tau hailed raws li qhov tseeb technology nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov qog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st.

nyhuv

Cov nyhuv Ultrasonic: Thaum lub ultrasonic nthwv dej propagates nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub ultrasonic nthwv dej thiab nruab nrab, qhov nruab nrab hloov, uas ua rau ib tug series ntawm mechanical thiab electromagnetic ultrasonic teebmeem, nrog rau cov nram qab no ob yam teebmeem:

1. Mechanical teebmeem. Lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntawm ultrasound tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov emulsification ntawm cov kua, liquefaction ntawm gels, thiab dispersion ntawm cov khib nyiab. Thaum ib tug sawv yoj yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub ultrasonic kua nruab nrab, cov me me hais raug tshem tawm nyob rau hauv cov kua condense ntawm lub node vim qhov kev txiav txim ntawm txhua yam quab yuam, tsim ib tug periodic tsub zuj zuj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Thaum ultrasonic tsis propagate nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv piezoelectric thiab magnetostrictive cov ntaub ntawv, induced hluav taws xob polarization thiab induced magnetization yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab txiav txim ntawm ultrasonic tsis.

2. Cavitation. Ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov pa me me npuas tuaj yeem tsim tau thaum ultrasonic tsis siv rau cov kua. Ib qho laj thawj yog vim tias muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv zos hauv cov kua ua rau lub siab tsis zoo, thiab qhov kev txo qis ntawm lub siab ua rau cov pa roj tau pib yaj hauv cov kua supersaturated, thiab khiav tawm ntawm cov kua ua npuas me me. Lwm qhov laj thawj yog qhov muaj zog tensile kev nyuaj siab "rips" cov kua sib nrug rau hauv kab noj hniav hu ua cavitation. Hauv cov kab noj hniav yog cov kua-vapor lossis lwm cov roj yaj hauv cov kua, tej zaum txawm tias lub tshuab nqus tsev. Cov npuas me me tsim los ntawm cavitation txuas ntxiv mus los yog tawg tam sim ntawd. Thaum nws tawg, cov kua ib puag ncig dheev rushes mus rau hauv lub npuas los ua kom muaj kev kub ntxhov, thiab ib qho kev poob siab yog tsim nyob rau tib lub sijhawm. Kev sib txhuam sab hauv nrog cavitation tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm luminescence yog tsim nyob rau hauv npuas vim qhov paug tawm. Feem ntau ntawm cov tswv yim rau sonication hauv cov kua muaj feem xyuam rau cavitation.